Transformative Eastern Philosophies Influencing the West
摘要
By “Eastern Philosophies,” we mean Asian Philosophies that originated in ancient India and China, and that are propagating through Europe, Scandinavia, the Americas, and other “Western” cultures irrespective of geographical location, e.g., Australia, New Zealand, and Israel. Specifically, we examine Hinduism and Buddhism (of Indian origin), along with Daoism and Confucianism (of Chinese origin). Following an initial discussion of what we mean by “transformative,” how it relates to consciousness, and how it implies transcendence, we trace the historical pathways and distinct phases by which each of these four Asian philosophies became influential in the West. These phases follow a pattern: initial translations of canonical texts, then reception by a few brilliant minds, and then dissemination to a broader populace via bestselling books by Indigenous authors and popular teachings by missionaries, leading to fuller integration into the adoptive culture.