Diabetes is a condition caused by consistently elevated blood sugar levels. In type 1 diabetes, the immune system attacks the pancreas, while in type 2 diabetes, uncontrolled blood sugar levels lead to insulin resistance. A person is said to be prediabetic if they do not meet the diagnostic threshold for diabetes, in other words, their blood sugar levels are not consistently elevated enough. Prediabetes and diabetes can be diagnosed by measuring blood sugar and hemoglobin A1C levels. If blood sugars are left uncontrolled, potential complications that can arise include heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Healthy lifestyle practices, including regular exercise and low-carbohydrate diets, are the cornerstone of managing blood sugar and weight. Medications are also available, including insulin, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and SGLT2 inhibitors.