Over time, heart failure may become severe and require interventions like mechanical circulatory support or heart transplantation to restore adequate blood flow. Assist devices, like intra-aortic balloon pumps and ventricular assist devices, are alternative measures that can be used as a bridge therapy to heart transplantation, especially in patients with end-stage heart failure. Heart transplantation remains the gold standard for those with severe heart failure or abnormalities. Posttransplantation, patients will require lifelong immunosuppressive therapy to prevent organ rejection. Despite the risk of infection and other complications, heart transplantation has significantly improved survival rates and quality of life in patients posttransplant.