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Milk powder is a widely consumed dairy product due to its extended shelf life and convenience. However, its susceptibility to adulteration raises significant concerns regarding consumer health and food safety. Common adulterants, such as starch, melamine, ammonium sulfate, maltodextrin, and nondairy proteins, compromise the quality of milk powder and pose serious health risks. Traditional detection methods, including chromatography, electrophoresis, and immunoassays, have been employed to identify adulterants. However, these techniques are often time-consuming and labor-intensive and require extensive sample preparation. In contrast, modern analytical techniques offer rapid, accurate, and nondestructive methods for detecting adulteration in milk powder. Spectroscopic methods such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), near-infrared (NIR), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have gained popularity due to their effectiveness in identifying chemical adulterants with minimal sample preparation. Additionally, real-time PCR-based DNA analysis serves as a reliable technique for detecting species adulteration, ensuring product authenticity and traceability. Furthermore, direct analysis in real time (DART) mass spectrometry enhances the dairy industry’s capability for rapid screening by providing high-resolution detection of adulterants without the need for complex pretreatment. The integration of chemometrics with spectroscopic techniques has significantly improved the accuracy and reliability of adulteration detection. These advanced, nontargeted screening methods address the industry’s growing demand for efficient and cost-effective solutions, enabling real-time monitoring and quality assurance. This chapter highlights recent advancements in analytical methods for detecting milk powder adulteration and their potential to uphold product integrity and consumer safety. The transition toward rapid, non-destructive, and high-throughput techniques underscores the future of quality control in dairy processing, reinforcing regulatory compliance and public health protection.

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Novel Methods of Adulteration Detection of Milk Powder

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Adrija Chakraborty,
  • Arulkumar M,
  • Sapna Tomar,
  • Shefali Sirame

摘要

Milk powder is a widely consumed dairy product due to its extended shelf life and convenience. However, its susceptibility to adulteration raises significant concerns regarding consumer health and food safety. Common adulterants, such as starch, melamine, ammonium sulfate, maltodextrin, and nondairy proteins, compromise the quality of milk powder and pose serious health risks. Traditional detection methods, including chromatography, electrophoresis, and immunoassays, have been employed to identify adulterants. However, these techniques are often time-consuming and labor-intensive and require extensive sample preparation. In contrast, modern analytical techniques offer rapid, accurate, and nondestructive methods for detecting adulteration in milk powder. Spectroscopic methods such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), near-infrared (NIR), and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have gained popularity due to their effectiveness in identifying chemical adulterants with minimal sample preparation. Additionally, real-time PCR-based DNA analysis serves as a reliable technique for detecting species adulteration, ensuring product authenticity and traceability. Furthermore, direct analysis in real time (DART) mass spectrometry enhances the dairy industry’s capability for rapid screening by providing high-resolution detection of adulterants without the need for complex pretreatment. The integration of chemometrics with spectroscopic techniques has significantly improved the accuracy and reliability of adulteration detection. These advanced, nontargeted screening methods address the industry’s growing demand for efficient and cost-effective solutions, enabling real-time monitoring and quality assurance. This chapter highlights recent advancements in analytical methods for detecting milk powder adulteration and their potential to uphold product integrity and consumer safety. The transition toward rapid, non-destructive, and high-throughput techniques underscores the future of quality control in dairy processing, reinforcing regulatory compliance and public health protection.