This paper examines the multifaceted role of financial inclusion in promoting women empowerment and its implications for sustainable development. The specific objectives are to (i) analyze the role of financial inclusion in multidimensional women empowerment along economic, sociocultural, interpersonal/familial, psychological, legal, and political spheres; (ii) assess how these various dimensions of women empowerment propel the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study employs an exploratory approach to provide a conceptual analysis and synthesis of existing literature in order to establish a framework for the link between financial inclusion, women empowerment, and sustainable development. The paper argues that through access, usage, and quality of financial products and services, financial inclusion facilitates multidimensional women empowerment by enhancing women’s economic power, decision-making abilities, social status, self-esteem, legal rights awareness, and political participation. These in turn have important implications for sustainable development outcomes such as SDG 1 (no poverty); SDG 2 (zero hunger); SDG 3 (good health and well-being); SDG 4 (quality education); SDG 5 (gender equality and women empowerment); SDG 7 (affordable and clean energy); SDG 8 (decent work and economic growth); SDG 10 (reduced inequalities); and SDG 13 (climate action), among others. By identifying the various pathways through which financial inclusion empowers women and propels sustainable development, this research provides actionable insights to policymakers and development practitioners. Policy recommendations to address the financial inclusion gender gap include policy, legal and sociocultural interventions, gender-conscious products, services and innovations, as well as economic empowerment, education, and training.