The veld grape, or Cissus quadrangularis L., is among the hardiest plant species surviving in dry deciduous habitats, particularly in tropical Asia and Africa. The species is acclaimed for its immense medicinal value, including antioxidant, anti-microbial, bone regeneration, ulcer healing, pain relief, and diuretic properties. It is currently being marketed to treat heart disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, obesity, and athletic muscle building, leading to an expected increase in demand in the international market. The species popularly termed Popularly known as ‘Hadjod” in India, Cissus is frequently used in Ayush (Ayurvedic, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy) practices, particularly for bone healing. The species is native to West Africa, Java, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, and India. Its taxonomy, morphology, phytochemical composition, pharmacological activities, and toxicological evaluation have been widely reported. In the recent past, plant breeding efforts in Cissus have been a niche area of research and are underlined as a global priority. The species has witnessed a manifold time increase in the utilization of raw material, mainly useful for the extraction of valuable phytochemicals to combat weight loss, bone and muscular damage, and treatment of osteoporosis, besides manufacturing high-value minerals and nutrients for bone health. Research organizations have prioritized the breeding of Cissus to develop chemotypes and pave the way for the organized production of the species to satisfy the demand worldwide. There have been significant attempts in plant genetic conservation, elucidation of metabolic pathways, population assessment, clonal selection, molecular systematics, genome sequencing, DNA barcoding of genotypes, and improved extraction of secondary metabolites, besides the emphasis on evolving protocols for the cultivation of the species. This chapter provides information on the botany, phytopharmacological uses, taxonomy and traditional and modern breeding methods for Cissus.