This study explores the concept of flexible embeddedness through the lens of Organization F’s social work practices on the China-Myanmar border. Drawing on three empirical dimensions—adaptive, autonomous, and cross-border embeddedness—it examines how social work organizations navigate complex sociopolitical landscapes to serve vulnerable communities while aligning with state and transnational objectives. The first dimension, adaptive embeddedness, highlights how Organization F built trust within marginalized communities and subtly guided them toward state policy goals. The second dimension, autonomous embeddedness, shows the organization’s strategic balance between full integration into state frameworks for legitimacy and resources and maintaining independence to effectively address community needs and foster trust. The third dimension, cross-border embeddedness, elaborates how Organization F expanded into Myanmar to address the transnational social problems, which leveraged Myanmar employees, partners, and institutional support to minimize potential resistance to their work. We argue that flexible embeddedness allows social work organizations to balance community engagement, state collaboration, and transnational dynamics, for advancing both grassroots social change and broader national strategies. This framework provides valuable insights into how social work organizations can navigate the intersections of local, national, and cross-border governance in politically sensitive regions.

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Flexible Embeddedness: Social Work Strategies Across Communities, States, and Borders on the China-Myanmar Frontier

  • Yiran Tian,
  • Tianlong You

摘要

This study explores the concept of flexible embeddedness through the lens of Organization F’s social work practices on the China-Myanmar border. Drawing on three empirical dimensions—adaptive, autonomous, and cross-border embeddedness—it examines how social work organizations navigate complex sociopolitical landscapes to serve vulnerable communities while aligning with state and transnational objectives. The first dimension, adaptive embeddedness, highlights how Organization F built trust within marginalized communities and subtly guided them toward state policy goals. The second dimension, autonomous embeddedness, shows the organization’s strategic balance between full integration into state frameworks for legitimacy and resources and maintaining independence to effectively address community needs and foster trust. The third dimension, cross-border embeddedness, elaborates how Organization F expanded into Myanmar to address the transnational social problems, which leveraged Myanmar employees, partners, and institutional support to minimize potential resistance to their work. We argue that flexible embeddedness allows social work organizations to balance community engagement, state collaboration, and transnational dynamics, for advancing both grassroots social change and broader national strategies. This framework provides valuable insights into how social work organizations can navigate the intersections of local, national, and cross-border governance in politically sensitive regions.