The discourse surrounding African philosophy and intellectual history has been shaped by the colonial legacy that sought to deny Africa its rightful place in global knowledge production. Early Western anthropologists, philosophers, and colonial administrators constructed Africa as the antithesis of reason and civilization, a narrative that justified both physical and epistemic domination. This chapter critically examines the impact of coloniality on African thought, focusing on how early European scholars, such as Lévy-Bruhl, framed African epistemology as “pre-logical” and how this framing contributed to the enduring marginalization of African intellectual traditions. The chapter further explores the responses from African scholars, including Henry Odera Oruka, Kwasi Wiredu, and Paulin Hountondji, who have challenged these colonial epistemic frameworks by advocating for conceptual decolonization. Additionally, it addresses the ongoing struggle against neo-colonial influences that continue to shape African philosophical discourse, particularly in the global academic landscape. The chapter argues that for Africa to reclaim its intellectual sovereignty, it must transcend imposed colonial categories and engage in a rigorous re-examination of indigenous philosophical traditions while maintaining a critical dialogue with global philosophical thought.