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During embryogenesis the developing cerebralCerebral cortex can be treated as a stochastic waveWave medium with travellingWave wavesTravelling wave and fields of synchronous oscillation, operating with Hebbian and anti-Hebbian synaptic plasticityPlasticity while maintaining excitatory/inhibitory balance. Under those constraints, learning, by minimizing predictionPrediction errors and the variational free energy of synaptic flux, requires that multiple pairs of mirror-symmetric connectionConnection systems must develop, each of a mirror pair interacting with its partner at their junction so as to form a Markov blanket. Mirror and blanket systems emerge along the radial lines of cortical development, and subsequently in differing forms at millimetric, areal and interareal scales—accounting for a wide range of anatomical and neurodynamic findings, and helping explain how neocortical function becomes flexibly integrated with the phylogenetically older nervous system.

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Commentary by James J. Wright Synchrony, Mirrors, and Blankets: Synaptic Free Energy, Prediction Error Minimization, and the Development of Cortical Anatomy

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • James J. Wright

摘要

During embryogenesis the developing cerebralCerebral cortex can be treated as a stochastic waveWave medium with travellingWave wavesTravelling wave and fields of synchronous oscillation, operating with Hebbian and anti-Hebbian synaptic plasticityPlasticity while maintaining excitatory/inhibitory balance. Under those constraints, learning, by minimizing predictionPrediction errors and the variational free energy of synaptic flux, requires that multiple pairs of mirror-symmetric connectionConnection systems must develop, each of a mirror pair interacting with its partner at their junction so as to form a Markov blanket. Mirror and blanket systems emerge along the radial lines of cortical development, and subsequently in differing forms at millimetric, areal and interareal scales—accounting for a wide range of anatomical and neurodynamic findings, and helping explain how neocortical function becomes flexibly integrated with the phylogenetically older nervous system.