According to the analysis concept of consonant pattern and the method of phonetic experiment, this paper extracts the consonant acoustic parameters of Dunhuang dialect, constructs the consonant acoustic parameter model, and makes an in-depth study on it. The experiment shows that there is a compensation relationship between the VOT and GAP in the plosive consonants of Dunhuang dialect, and the aspirated plosives VOT is greater than the non aspirated plosives; The clusters of unaspirated plosives are scattered on the left side of the acoustic parameter model, while the clusters of aspirated plosives are compactly distributed on the right side of the acoustic parameter model. In the fricative acoustic parameter model, the spectral gravity center and dispersion of [ʐ] are generally low, while the spectral gravity center and dispersion of [f] are generally high. The duration of the fricative section of the aspirated fricative plug is longer than that of the non aspirated affricate consonant. The plosive property of the aspirated affricate consonant [ʦh] is the weakest, and the plosive property of [tʂ] is the strongest. The average duration of male consonants was significantly longer than that of female consonants, and the F1 value of each consonant was basically stable at about 300 Hz.