Levinas and the Daodejing: On the Primordiality of the Feminine / Ci 雌
摘要
This chapter explores Lévinas’s philosophical reflection upon the feminine and bring it to bear upon renewed interpretation of the central notion of ci 雌 in the Daodejing. On the one hand, the early Levinas emphasizes an asymmetrical, even an absolute idea of the feminine and highlights it as the very quality of difference that cannot be subsumed into the totality of the same. On the other hand, although the philosophical ideas of the Daodejing have often been characterized as “feminine” in terms of its orientation, current readings of it have weakened and curtailed, if not diminished, its significance and radicality by either assigning it a role in a ci-xiong 雌雄 correlation, or by treating it as a strategy, as a ci-means to a xiong-end. In this connection, Levinas’s radical ideas concerning the feminine can very well encourage and help illuminate the uniqueness and importance of ci in the Daodejing.