The MantoVerde project is a copperCopper heap leachHeap leach operationOperation located in ChileChile, comprising four separate heap leachHeap leach pads, three of which are permanentPermanent and one that is dynamic (on/off). Pregnant leach solution (PLSPregnant Leach Solution (PLS)) is pumped to a common copper solvent extractionCopper solvent extraction-electrowinningElectrowinning circuit. Original dynamic modelsModel built using METSIM® included all unit operationsOperation associated with the operationOperation, as well as the past and forecasted ore tons and gradeGrade schedule for ore stacked on the heap leachHeap leach pads. From this base-case modelModel, two proposed scenarios were included: (i) the conversion to a bioleach via air and bacteria addition; and (ii) a new pyritePyrite concentrateConcentrate feed stream at 30% w/w moisture to the dynamic heap leachHeap leach pad with a cobaltCobalt bleed circuit for mixed-hydroxide precipitate (MHP) production. Both scenarios have been built from the base-case modelModel as a single simulation to provide a tool for dynamic water balancing and solution management, as well as copperCopper and cobaltCobalt production forecasting. Understanding and quantifying the chemistry throughout the process was key, both within the heap leachHeap leach system as well as for all stages of the downstream hydrometallurgical processingProcessing. For heap leachHeap leach reactions, tools available within the METSIM® simulation software were used to determine kineticKinetics reaction coefficients based on column test results, which were applied to each mineral for each ore type throughout the stacking and leachingLeaching process. Isotherm data for the SX circuit was incorporated into the simulation to determine overall extractionExtraction efficienciesEfficiency, while assumed reaction extents were applied to the remaining processingProcessing steps, including copperCopper precipitationPrecipitation (from the cobaltCobalt bleed PLSPregnant Leach Solution (PLS)), ion exchangeIon exchange (Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, Mg, Mn), and MHP precipitationPrecipitation (Co, Cu, Fe, Ni, Zn). Finally, solution chemistry was then studied in detail with the use of the OLI software for electrolyteElectrolyte equilibrium, specifically for ironIron precipitationPrecipitation within the heapsHeap, copperCopper precipitationPrecipitation from the cobaltCobalt PLSPregnant Leach Solution (PLS) stream, and finally the MHP precipitationPrecipitation stage.