The Bor smelterBor smelter of Serbia Zijin CopperCopper Company is the former RTB Bor smelterBor smelter of Serbia, which was started up on June 7, 1961. The original process is “Reverberatory furnaceFurnace smeltingSmelting + P.S. converter + anode furnaceAnode furnace + electrolytic refiningElectrolytic refining”. The smelterSmelter was renovated in 2013 to change the reverberatory furnaceFurnace to flash furnaceFlash furnace for smeltingSmelting and build new sulfuric acid plantSulfuric acid plant, but original four P.S. converters, three anode furnacesAnode furnace and the two sets of electrolytic refiningElectrolytic refining were still retained. The original converter had the capacity of 160 ton of matteMatte per cycle operationOperation, and the inserted wood was used for reduction in the original anode furnacesAnode furnace and the furnaceFurnace handled 220 ton of copperCopper each cycle operationOperation. The small anodeAnode plate was adopted in electrolytic refiningElectrolytic refining. The production capacity of the smelterSmelter was 80,000 tons of copperCopper cathodeCathode per year after the renovation, the problems of old and backward equipmentEquipment, high energy consumptionEnergy consumption and serious environmental pollution of the smelterSmelter have not been solved. After Serbia Zijin CopperCopper Company took over the Bor smelterBor smelter in December 2018, the plan of expansion and renovation was made for increasing production, reducingReducing energy consumptionEnergy consumption and improving environmental protection. The expansion and renovation project consists of 63 sub-projects in various systems such as smeltingSmelting, electrolysisElectrolysis, offgas, and fugitive gas handlingHandling, sulfuric acid plantSulfuric acid plant and precious metalPrecious metals plant, etc., the smelterSmelter was shut down in April 2022 for the renovation and started up in April 2023. Through expansion and renovation, the production of the smelterSmelter is increased to 180 kt/a copperCopper cathodeCathode, 900 kt/a sulfuric acid,Sulfuric acid and 2.5 t/a goldGold, and the energy consumptionEnergy consumption per ton copperCopper is decreased from 8 kg of heavy oil to 1.1 Nm3 of natural gas for flash furnaceFlash furnace, and from 52 kg of heavy oil to 23 Nm3 of natural gas for anode furnaceAnode furnace. The operationOperation rate of the flash furnaceFlash furnace reached more than 98.35% and the copperCopper content of the flashFlash slagSlag is reduced from 1.8 to 1.05%. The conversion rate of the sulfuric acidSulfuric acid system increases from 98.5 to ≥99.92%. The de-sulfurSulfur efficiencyEfficiency of the desulfurization system is more than 99%. The comprehensive power consumption per ton cathodeCathode in electrolytic refiningElectrolytic refining is reduced from 450 to 400 kWh and the current efficiencyCurrent efficiency is increased from 93 to ≥97%. The copper recoveryCopper recovery of smelterSmelter increases from 97 to 98.5%. The quality product rate reached 100%. The effluent, residue, and fugitive gas of the smelterSmelter are well treated and recycled, and the environmental protection emissionEmissions indicators are better than the Serbia national and EU standard, which completely changed the ecological environment of Bor city in Serbia. The smelterSmelter became a modelModel of green factory.

Renovation and Expansion of the Bor Smelter of Serbia Zijin Copper

会议论文
发表日期：

2025年

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Shi Cong Lan,
Xian Jian Guo,
Xi Ming Jian

摘要

The Bor smelterBor smelter of Serbia Zijin CopperCopper Company is the former RTB Bor smelterBor smelter of Serbia, which was started up on June 7, 1961. The original process is “Reverberatory furnaceFurnace smeltingSmelting + P.S. converter + anode furnaceAnode furnace + electrolytic refiningElectrolytic refining”. The smelterSmelter was renovated in 2013 to change the reverberatory furnaceFurnace to flash furnaceFlash furnace for smeltingSmelting and build new sulfuric acid plantSulfuric acid plant, but original four P.S. converters, three anode furnacesAnode furnace and the two sets of electrolytic refiningElectrolytic refining were still retained. The original converter had the capacity of 160 ton of matteMatte per cycle operationOperation, and the inserted wood was used for reduction in the original anode furnacesAnode furnace and the furnaceFurnace handled 220 ton of copperCopper each cycle operationOperation. The small anodeAnode plate was adopted in electrolytic refiningElectrolytic refining. The production capacity of the smelterSmelter was 80,000 tons of copperCopper cathodeCathode per year after the renovation, the problems of old and backward equipmentEquipment, high energy consumptionEnergy consumption and serious environmental pollution of the smelterSmelter have not been solved. After Serbia Zijin CopperCopper Company took over the Bor smelterBor smelter in December 2018, the plan of expansion and renovation was made for increasing production, reducingReducing energy consumptionEnergy consumption and improving environmental protection. The expansion and renovation project consists of 63 sub-projects in various systems such as smeltingSmelting, electrolysisElectrolysis, offgas, and fugitive gas handlingHandling, sulfuric acid plantSulfuric acid plant and precious metalPrecious metals plant, etc., the smelterSmelter was shut down in April 2022 for the renovation and started up in April 2023. Through expansion and renovation, the production of the smelterSmelter is increased to 180 kt/a copperCopper cathodeCathode, 900 kt/a sulfuric acid,Sulfuric acid and 2.5 t/a goldGold, and the energy consumptionEnergy consumption per ton copperCopper is decreased from 8 kg of heavy oil to 1.1 Nm3 of natural gas for flash furnaceFlash furnace, and from 52 kg of heavy oil to 23 Nm3 of natural gas for anode furnaceAnode furnace. The operationOperation rate of the flash furnaceFlash furnace reached more than 98.35% and the copperCopper content of the flashFlash slagSlag is reduced from 1.8 to 1.05%. The conversion rate of the sulfuric acidSulfuric acid system increases from 98.5 to ≥99.92%. The de-sulfurSulfur efficiencyEfficiency of the desulfurization system is more than 99%. The comprehensive power consumption per ton cathodeCathode in electrolytic refiningElectrolytic refining is reduced from 450 to 400 kWh and the current efficiencyCurrent efficiency is increased from 93 to ≥97%. The copper recoveryCopper recovery of smelterSmelter increases from 97 to 98.5%. The quality product rate reached 100%. The effluent, residue, and fugitive gas of the smelterSmelter are well treated and recycled, and the environmental protection emissionEmissions indicators are better than the Serbia national and EU standard, which completely changed the ecological environment of Bor city in Serbia. The smelterSmelter became a modelModel of green factory.