Tailings Dewatering: Enabling High-Tonnage Solutions
摘要
Management of tailings storage facilities (TSFs) is a top risk in the miningMining industry. Water stored within TSFs can cause failures (overtopping, liquefaction) or make a slope failure worse by eroding the embankment. Failures of conventional TSFs have heightened awareness of these hazards within miningMining communities and regulatory oversight groups. The industry is exploring ways to improve tailings managementTailings management practices by reducingReducing water consumption, limiting or eliminating water sent to the facility, improving environmental performancePerformance, and limiting the facility footprint. While tailings dewateringDewatering has been successfully implemented up to 45,000 metric tonnes, more work is needed to implement these solutions at the tonnagesTonnage required by copperCopper mines, where daily tailings generation can be upwards of 100,000 metric tonnes. The size of this challenge is expected to increase as copper demandCopper demand increases and ore gradesGrade decline. Annual tailings production from global copper operationsGlobal copper operations in 2022 was approximately 3.8 billion metric tonnes and is estimated to climb to 6.8 billion metric tonnes by 2042. This paper discusses how Rio Tinto is tackling this industry challenge. First, BHP and Rio Tinto have established a consortium with the goal of accelerating development of dewateringDewatering technologiesTechnology and successfully implementing these technologiesTechnology at large scale (upwards of 30,000 tons per day). Rio Tinto also constructed a tailings technologyTechnology test bed in 2023 that is currently being used to gain insight into how process variabilityVariability impacts tailings dewateringDewatering. Both scopes of work will be discussed.