The biological diversity should be studied from different perspectives to understand their origin and maintenance, and to improve the effectiveness of conservation initiatives. We present an overview of the behavioural studies carried out in the Andean region of Colombia with anurans, identifying trends and gaps, and offering some future challenges and research ideas. Despite the rich anuran diversity of the Colombian Andes, behavioural studies remain scarce. Existing research largely concentrates on acoustic communication, breeding behaviour, and parental care, primarily with aquatic larvae development species in Hylidae, Dendrobatidae and Centrolenidae. This narrow focus creates a substantial knowledge deficit, particularly concerning the nearly 50% of Andean species that have direct development. On the other hand, most of the behavioural studies in Colombia have been conducted with adults. More studies with embryos, tadpoles and juveniles are necessary to broaden our perspective of anuran behavioural diversity. We also present a preliminary analysis of macroecological trends in species richness, body size, sexual dimorphism, and reproductive modes in anurans of the Colombian Andes. Precipitation seems to play a major role driving, directly or indirectly, the high diversity of species and the tested traits. This chapter aims to be a source of information about behavioural aspects of the anuran species in the Colombian Andes while encouraging studies that contribute to a holistic understanding of the biological diversity in the country.