Over the past several years, digital transformation has changed from a strategic option into an imperative for companies across various sectors, enabling them to adapt to a constantly changing environment and improve their performance. Although several studies have analyzed the antecedents determining the adoption of digital transformation and its influence on the various facets of performance (i.e. economic, social, environmental, relational, international, etc.), there is still a lack of systematic literature reviews to date. With these considerations in mind, this article presents a systematic review of the literature using the PRISMA approach. This analysis aligns with a rigorous approach that aims to elucidate the factors that promote or inhibit the integration of digital technology within various organizational contexts, as well as its potential impact on performance. Our study is based on SMEs, organizations which, despite playing a crucial role in the economy, appear to be less advanced than large companies in terms of adopting digital practices.