Essential to the success of an implantable electronic device is the choice of its constructional biomaterial. This biomaterial must neither corrode in the body nor elicit any adverse response from it. Due to immune response from the host body, tissue inflammation occurs along with fibrous encapsulation of the implant. Functionality of the implant is thereby inhibited. Surface modification techniques have been devised for improving the biocompatibility of the implant. Besides the age-old “stainless steel,” implants generally use metals like platinum, iridium, titanium, and tantalum. Bioceramic materials like aluminum oxide are also used. Polymeric materials, e.g., polyimide (PI), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), poly(p-xylylene) (parylene), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), etc., have appeared as substitutions for metallic and ceramic biomaterials to serve as the draping covers of medical devices to be lodged inside the human body.

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Biomaterials for Implants

  • Vinod Kumar Khanna

摘要

Essential to the success of an implantable electronic device is the choice of its constructional biomaterial. This biomaterial must neither corrode in the body nor elicit any adverse response from it. Due to immune response from the host body, tissue inflammation occurs along with fibrous encapsulation of the implant. Functionality of the implant is thereby inhibited. Surface modification techniques have been devised for improving the biocompatibility of the implant. Besides the age-old “stainless steel,” implants generally use metals like platinum, iridium, titanium, and tantalum. Bioceramic materials like aluminum oxide are also used. Polymeric materials, e.g., polyimide (PI), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF), poly(p-xylylene) (parylene), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), liquid crystal polymer (LCP), etc., have appeared as substitutions for metallic and ceramic biomaterials to serve as the draping covers of medical devices to be lodged inside the human body.