The durability and character of the peace agreement between the KDP and the PUK have been shaped by three interrelated factors. First, the establishment and maintenance of power-sharing and power-dividing mechanisms have been crucial in sustaining what is commonly referred to as “negative peace.” Second, income growth and broader development have contributed significantly to political stability by fostering the creation and consolidation of joint governance institutions in the KRI. Third, third-party interventions—particularly the mediation efforts of the US—have played a key role in upholding the peace agreement, especially during its early and transitional phases.