This chapter embraces labour in its entirety during the period of Structural adjustment in Senegal. The focus is on the strategies helping the population and the national decision-makers cope with the measures which are believed to overcome the economy’s manifold difficulties. The neoliberal options advocated by the donor community had a disastrous impact on wage labour, thus fostering informal activities. The country’s labour landscape may be considered a fictitious market: job creation is not the outcome of a “natural” match of supply and demand, but corresponds to a profusion of self-employment and to up-down politically driven job creation. These findings are highlighted through a Polanyian lens.