Fraud: Unheard Victims and Unseen Harms
摘要
Fraud is now the most common type of crime in England and Wales, and as such, the risk of being a victim of fraud is becoming increasingly heightened. For the last 10 years, there has been over 3 million reported cases of fraud according to the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW). Given the unique nature of fraud victimisation, that number is likely to be higher. Unlike other crime types, fraud is primarily oriented around financial gain. This means that alongside primary victimisation, the harm and impact of being a victim of fraud can have wider consequences on victims and their networks. Overall, the total cost to individuals is estimated at somewhere between £6 and £7 billion, which is a staggering sum, but this does not consider the societal implications and cost to every individual in England and Wales. It is estimated that taxpayers in England and Wales face a bill of over £30 billion every single year, and many indications suggest that this is on the lower end of the spectrum. Victims of fraud often find themselves feeling embarrassed and ashamed to such an extent that they do not want or look for support. Coupled with advancements in technology, creating a complex online realm for an ageing population to navigate, the opportunities for fraudsters to exploit are ever-increasing. Whilst the association with fraud is often around victims with vulnerabilities, the truth is that anyone can be a victim of fraud. Even those who believe they never could fall for a scam, have been known to fall victim to increasingly advanced and sophisticated methods. Across the country, victims of fraud are likely the most populous demographic of victims yet allocated one of the lowest resources to investigate and support their cases. Simply put, fraud impacts anyone, anywhere, but also everyone, everywhere. The author seeks to expand on these concepts and provide an overview and insight into the scale of fraud and the role of vulnerabilities particularly.