In recent years, anthropogenic activities have emerged many persistent pollutants to the ecosystem as microplastics. Several studies has been explained the effect of microplastics on aquatic system, but scarcely applied on the agricultural systems. Microplastics reach the soils via supplementation of biosolids, compost, wastewater irrigation, mulching film, polymer-based fertilizers and pesticides, and atmospheric deposition. Terrestrial emissions of microplastics in industrialized countries predominantly originate from application of sewage sludge to farmlands. Sewage sludge is applied to improve and maintain productive soils and stimulate plant growth in many areas of the world. The pollution of MPs is worsening globally and the related hazards in agricultural soils need proper attention. This study will discuss the sources, fate, and dispersion of MPs to the agricultural soil. Further, the current chapter will includes the analytical techniques, ecological risks, and pollution characteristics of MPs in the soil environment. Also, the chapter also will discuss the adverse effects of microplastics on the soil biota and we will focus on the plant responses to microplastics contamination.