The climatic vulnerability of the territory as an indicator of the sustainable development shows that the observed and predicted climate changes pose risks to the population, the economy and the environment state of the region. The vulnerability of the Rostov Region territory to climate change has been assessed using two methods: the method of calculating the climate vulnerability index based on indicators including average and extreme values of air temperature, precipitation and wind, as well as the method of determining climatic tension based on a ballot assessment of dangerous climatic and weather processes. The data of 15 meteorological stations of the Rostov Region for the period from 1992 to 2022 were statistically processed and analyzed. Six main natural processes and phenomena (strong winds, sharp temperature fluctuations on the soil surface, moisture deficit, fires, very high and very low air temperatures) dangerous for nature management in the Rostov Region have been identified. Their parameters were determined for the period from 2005 to 2022. The research results can be used to develop measures to adapt the economy and social sphere of the Rostov Region to climate change.