Bipolar disorder usually starts at a very early age, and due to this females suffering from this disorder are at risk of an episode throughout their reproductive life. Data also suggests the association of relapse and recurrence of episodes in females with bipolar disorder, during pregnancy and post-partum. Some of the post-partum onset psychiatric syndromes are also known to turn out to be bipolar disorder in the long run. Due to all these factors, on many occasions, females with bipolar disorder have to continue on mood stabilizers during pregnancy and lactation. Data on the safety of the use of mood stabilizers during lactation is minimal and is of poor quality. Most of the data is available in case reports, small case series, or small sample open-label studies. Hence, clinicians are often faced with a situation where they have to weigh the pros and cons of prescribing mood stabilizers during lactation. Further, clinicians are often faced with a situation of whether to recommend breastfeeding for a neonate whose mother is taking mood stabilizers. Considering the benefits of breastfeeding for both the mother and the neonate, it can be suggested that, wherever feasible breastfeeding must be continued. Available data indicates that valproate is a better option than other mood stabilizers. If the mother is allowed to breastfeed while taking mood stabilizers, then certain physiological aspects of newborns’ sleep must be taken into account. Medications can be taken after feeding the baby, just before the newborn’s longest sleep duration.