Within the framework of the 2030 Agenda, peace and security are identified as the basic pillars of its implementation, together with Human Rights. The importance of its recognition is the natural culmination of the two preceding decades. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), direct antecedents of the SDGs, did not manage to incorporate the political construction of peace as one of their goals, but the international situation and the problems in many poor countries have caused them to be discussed in multiple forums and, finally, incorporated the idea that development without security is a pipe dream, incorporating peace and security as one of the four dimensions of the international agenda. In 2012, the United Nations Working Group for the Post-2015 Development Agenda with its report “The future we want for all” and the report of the High-Level Group on the Post-2015 Development Agenda, strongly influenced this issue. The road was not easy, Brazil, China, India, and South Africa invoked the total absence of references to security and peace in the basic document of the negotiations, the Rio+20 Declaration of 2012; a fact that, therefore, deprived this possibility of a political basis. Ultimately, the issue made its way into the 2015 “Transforming our World” Declaration and was incorporated into the SDGs as goal number 16. In this chapter, a survey will be carried out on the concepts of Peace and Security within the framework of globalisation, the incidence of education in the achievement of these objectives of the 2030 Agenda and an incursion into some successful experiences in relation to the SDG 16.