Pancreatic cancer poses significant challenges in surgical management, particularly in the context of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). While robotic-assisted PD offers numerous benefits over traditional open surgery, including enhanced precision, dexterity, and visualization, unplanned conversion to open surgery remains a critical concern. This chapter explores the circumstances that necessitate conversion from robotic to open PD, including intraoperative challenges such as vascular involvement, uncontrolled bleeding, and patient factors like obesity. Conversion rates are influenced by surgeon experience, patient selection, and the effectiveness of preoperative planning, with lower rates observed in high-volume centers and expert surgeons. The chapter outlines the importance of thorough preoperative imaging, careful patient assessment, and the use of tools like the Tampa Difficulty Score to guide surgical decision-making. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary team approach and detailed preoperative optimization. Intraoperative complications, particularly bleeding, require prompt identification and management, and the chapter provides a stepwise algorithm for ensuring a safe conversion. Practical tips from experienced surgeons, including disaster training and psychological preparedness, are highlighted to improve outcomes. Continued research and innovation in robotic PD are crucial to minimize conversion rates and enhance patient safety.