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In previous chapters, we assumed that the structure of the causal system was known and that unconfoundedness could be achieved through careful adjustment. However, real-world problems are often more complex. We may not know the causal structure, unmeasured confounders may exist, and we may want to understand whether an effect exists and how it operates.

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Advanced Topics in Causal Inference

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Durai Rajamanickam

摘要

In previous chapters, we assumed that the structure of the causal system was known and that unconfoundedness could be achieved through careful adjustment. However, real-world problems are often more complex. We may not know the causal structure, unmeasured confounders may exist, and we may want to understand whether an effect exists and how it operates.