Thyroid eye disease (TED) presents unique challenges when it occurs during pregnancy, a physiological state which is thought to be protective against autoimmune flare-ups. The immunological shifts in pregnancy modulate the immune system and can alter the presentation and progression of TED. Additional considerations are necessary to achieve the best outcomes for the mother and the foetus. This section explores the occurrence of TED during pregnancy, how pregnancy affects the progression of the disease, and specific methods and diagnostic approaches to take into consideration for managing TED in pregnancy, with a focus on ensuring the safety and well-being of both the mother and the developing foetus. Furthermore, strategies for managing TED after childbirth are explored. Expanding the multidisciplinary team to include obstetricians and neonatologists aims to achieve optimal outcomes, for both patients and their infants. TED in children represents a small percentage of all TED cases. Despite its rarity, paediatric TED is a sight-threatening and feature-altering condition, which requires a distinct approach due to the difference in the disease presentation, progression and disease response to treatment in comparison to adults. This section provides a summary of paediatric TED, emphasising the importance of accurate diagnosis and treatment. Healthcare professionals can optimise the outcomes for children with this condition and reduce its effects on their development and quality of life by using a multi-disciplinary approach.