The dependence on polluting fuels has led to global concerns over the impacts of pollution on the environment and human health. This study examines the transition to clean cooking fuel in rural Goa, focusing on firewood users. The main objective is to understand the factors influencing the transition to LPG in the context of achieving the SDG 7.1 target set by the United Nations- to increase the proportion of the population relying on clean fuels and technology by 2030. The paper utilizes primary data collected from four talukas. It employs a multinomial logit model to analyze data collected from 423 households that have access to LPG but mainly depend on firewood for cooking. The findings indicate that LPG usage is low despite high connection rates, mainly due to complex interrelated factors. Notably, the availability of firewood free of cost is a major hindrance to achieving the SDG 7.1 target. Our research emphasizes the need for detailed attention to the situated realities of rural households and the development of a comprehensive approach to clean energy, including increased subsidies, awareness campaigns on health risks associated with firewood use, and restrictions on firewood collection.