This chapter comprehensively reviews analytical methods for detecting dye adulteration in food, emphasizing their crucial role in ensuring food safety and public health. The discussion begins by examining the widespread use of synthetic dyes in the food industry, driven by their esthetic and economic advantages despite their associated health risks. Key analytical techniques, including spectrophotometry, chromatography, and mass spectrometry, are highlighted for their accuracy and reliability in identifying harmful adulterants. Advances in sample preparation methods, such as microextraction technologies and green solvent systems, are showcased as environmentally sustainable solutions to traditional approaches. Additionally, this chapter explores cutting-edge developments in electrochemical sensors and smartphone-based colorimetric assays, recognized for their high sensitivity, cost-efficiency, and adaptability for field applications. Case studies from regions illustrate the health consequences of dye adulteration and underline regulatory enforcement challenges. This chapter concludes by emphasizing future directions, advocating for eco-friendly, scalable detection technologies, and harmonizing global food safety regulations to protect consumers and enhance food quality standards.