Impact of Dissolved Volatile Substrates on the Range of Ambient Size for Active Bubbles
摘要
The evaporation of volatile solutes such as methanol and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) within acoustic bubbles significantly influences both bubble chemistry and the size distribution of active bubbles. While methanol acts as a specific scavenger of hydroxyl radicals, thereby reducing the range of active bubbles, CCl4 has a beneficial effect. It promotes the formation of reactive chlorine species (RCS: ⋅CCl3,:CCl2, ⋅Cl, Cl2, HOCl) and enhances the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS: ⋅OH, O, O3, HO2⋅ and H2O2). Consequently, the range of ambient bubble radii expands, leading to an overall increase in sonochemical activity. This chapter provides a detailed numerical analysis of the impact of CCl4 on the range of active bubble sizes, employing a single-bubble sonochemistry model. The study examines the effects of varying CCl4 concentrations in aqueous solutions under different operating conditions, including acoustic frequency, intensity, and liquid temperature. The findings provide valuable insights for environmental engineering applications, particularly in remediation, process design, and scale-up.