Despite several challenges, Si/SiO2-based lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) show potential to replace widely used carbon-based LIBs due to their higher capacity and higher energy density. The high abundance of silicon in the Earth’s crust and the possibility of synthesizing SiO2 nanoparticles from copper slag at low cost and with high energy efficiency enable maintaining a lower production cost for LIBs. By optimizing the concentration of Si/SiO2/C/PVDF and reducing the average particle size of the materials to 140–160 nm, it was possible to minimize degradation in the anode material. The prepared anode material was studied using SEM and XRD methods, while its electrochemical properties, long-cycle charge–discharge behavior, and voltammetric characteristics were recorded. High economic efficiency was achieved by optimizing experimental conditions and ensuring the substitution and regeneration of reagents used during the process.