This research provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of mortgage systems in Uzbekistan, the USA, and Japan, focusing on the economic, legal, and cultural factors that shape these systems. It highlights the significance of mortgages in facilitating homeownership and their role in stimulating economic growth. The availability and affordability of mortgages have a profound impact on the housing market and the wider economy, making it crucial to understand the dynamics of different mortgage systems. The research delves into the historical evolution of each country’s mortgage system, examining the regulatory frameworks and policies that have shaped their current structures. In the USA, the mortgage system has deep historical roots that can be traced back to the colonial era while experiencing significant transformations during the Great Depression and subsequent decades. Uzbekistan’s mortgage market is relatively new, having been established in the early 2000s, with the government implementing various policies to promote home ownership. Japan has a mortgage market traditionally dominated by banks, with government interventions aimed at supporting and stabilizing the market. The research underscores the importance of studying and comparing mortgage systems to enable cross-border home financing and ensure the long-term stability and sustainability of the mortgage market.