Since 2023, Uzbekistan has been transforming its transport industry by partially privatizing transportation services. Small businesses have always played a crucial role in the country’s economy, and these changes highlight the effectiveness of involving the private sector. These reforms improve the quality of transport services and increase the profits of transport companies. This research focuses on simplifying accounting processes to their fullest extent. It introduces an accounting method specifically designed to align with the operations, management styles, complexities, and staffing levels of transport companies. In the transport sector, as in all manufacturing industries, standard accounting registers and approved accounting charts are employed. Encouraging small businesses and entrepreneurship in the transport sector requires clear definition and management of accounting processes. The introduction of private enterprises will necessitate the systemic reorganization of accounting registers, particularly concerning the costs associated with transportation processes. Accounting for private carriers should include the allocation of the railway company’s expenses based on comprehensive monitoring of the effective use of rolling stock and other railway resources related to customer service. This research examines the accounting aspects involved in the transformation of railway transport, highlighting the necessary adjustments to accommodate the shift towards a more privatized and efficient transport sector.