The paper discusses the history of the construction of the chapel and mausoleum on Mt. Lovćen. Based on the concept by Peter II Petrović Njegoš, the chapel was built in 1845 and dedicated to his uncle Peter I Petrović Njegoš. The chapel was damaged during the 1915–1916 war operations. In the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes King Alexander Karađorđević had a new chapel built, inaugurated in 1925. The idea to build a mausoleum to Njegoš on Mt. Lovćen and to entrust its construction to Ivan Meštrović was first considered in 1924 and renewed in 1952. Meštrović accepted the invitation of the Montenegrin authorities in 1952 to design the mausoleum. Harold Bilinić, architect and Andrija Krstulović, sculptor, were engaged in this work. The construction of the mausoleum, which began in 1971, was completed in 1974. The paper also gives an overview of the reactions of the Yugoslav scientific and professional public to the building of the mausoleum on Mt. Lovćen.