As a result of the chemical transformation of phosphatide concentrate (phosphatidic sludge), a low-cost raw material from vegetable oil by-products that do not compete with food products, a biosynthetic surfactant was synthesised—a complex mixture based on alkylolamides of higher fatty acids and calcium glycerol phosphatides. The intermicellular interaction of two thermodynamically stable microemulsions using the biosynthetic surfactant resulted in the preparation of dispersed calcium carbonate of ellipsoidal and cubic crystallite, vaterite, and calcite polymorphic modifications with size from 7–15 to 44 nm. For comparison, surfactants were synthesized using oleic acid and sunflower oil and dispersed calcium carbonate was obtained. It was found that calcium carbonate crystallites using a surfactant based on phosphatide concentrate differ slightly from calcium carbonate crystallites using a surfactant based on sunflower oil or oleic acid, so there is no need to use chemically pure substances or raw materials from food products. The developed dispersed calcium carbonate systems can be used as technological systems in the processes of sealing oil and gas wells, as well as for the development of complex calcium greases with improved tribological properties and increased oxidation stability.