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Morocco, due to climate change, has experienced great disturbances in the lakes. Among the lakes which are of very significant ecological and environmental interest, we find Lake BOUDAROUA, it is an ecosystem of great importance hence its choice as the work site. Lake BOUDAROUA is a rich ecosystem, sheltering an enormous fauna and flora biodiversity, it is located in the town of OUAZZANE, and it is surrounded by the Rif Mountains. Historically, the lake is used to provide drinking water for the city’s residents. Our main objective in this study is to evaluate the degree of pollution of the lake and to determine the aquatic fauna during the period spanning from October 2023 to October 2024. To do this, we chose to follow several programs; A sampling program and monthly samples of water and aquatic fauna were collected, And a physicochemical water analysis program. Several parameters were measured using a BANTE 900P portable multi-parameter: T °C, pH, EC, TDS, The redox potential. Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) was determined by the method of filtering a volume of wastewater on a cellulose filter (0.45 μm) according to AFNOR NFT.90.105. The determination of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, carbonates and bicarbonates is carried out by the volumetric method, while sulfates are measured by the atomic absorption technique, within the Regional Office for the Development of Gharb (ORMVAG). The physicochemical analysis showed that the pH is too basic, it varies between 7, 15 and 8, 34. The average temperature is 29.71 °C, the electrical conductivity reaches 3680 μs/cm, the dissolved oxygen varies between 3 and 5.1 mg/l, the average TDS is 1798 mg/l, the redox potential varies from −80.3 to −47.7 mv, the SPM oscillates between 115 and 241 mg/l. The lake is saturated with sodium (632.215 mg/l), bicarbonates (159.865 mg/l), sulfates (108.315 mg/l), calcium (106.205 mg/l), magnesium (15.795 mg/l) and potassium (7.43 mg/l). The first censuses of the biodiversity of Lake Boudaroua made it possible to identify turtles, fish and crustaceans, which deserve an in-depth study. Our study showed that due to its biodiversity, this ecosystem requires protection and enhancement by decision-makers.

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First Surveys on the Pollution of Lake BOUDAROUA—Ouazzane—Morocco

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Hajar Echayeb,
  • Khadija Elkharrim,
  • Khalid Fariri,
  • Driss Belghyti

摘要

Morocco, due to climate change, has experienced great disturbances in the lakes. Among the lakes which are of very significant ecological and environmental interest, we find Lake BOUDAROUA, it is an ecosystem of great importance hence its choice as the work site. Lake BOUDAROUA is a rich ecosystem, sheltering an enormous fauna and flora biodiversity, it is located in the town of OUAZZANE, and it is surrounded by the Rif Mountains. Historically, the lake is used to provide drinking water for the city’s residents. Our main objective in this study is to evaluate the degree of pollution of the lake and to determine the aquatic fauna during the period spanning from October 2023 to October 2024. To do this, we chose to follow several programs; A sampling program and monthly samples of water and aquatic fauna were collected, And a physicochemical water analysis program. Several parameters were measured using a BANTE 900P portable multi-parameter: T °C, pH, EC, TDS, The redox potential. Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) was determined by the method of filtering a volume of wastewater on a cellulose filter (0.45 μm) according to AFNOR NFT.90.105. The determination of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, carbonates and bicarbonates is carried out by the volumetric method, while sulfates are measured by the atomic absorption technique, within the Regional Office for the Development of Gharb (ORMVAG). The physicochemical analysis showed that the pH is too basic, it varies between 7, 15 and 8, 34. The average temperature is 29.71 °C, the electrical conductivity reaches 3680 μs/cm, the dissolved oxygen varies between 3 and 5.1 mg/l, the average TDS is 1798 mg/l, the redox potential varies from −80.3 to −47.7 mv, the SPM oscillates between 115 and 241 mg/l. The lake is saturated with sodium (632.215 mg/l), bicarbonates (159.865 mg/l), sulfates (108.315 mg/l), calcium (106.205 mg/l), magnesium (15.795 mg/l) and potassium (7.43 mg/l). The first censuses of the biodiversity of Lake Boudaroua made it possible to identify turtles, fish and crustaceans, which deserve an in-depth study. Our study showed that due to its biodiversity, this ecosystem requires protection and enhancement by decision-makers.