Chronic musculoskeletal pain in women presents a significant healthcare challenge, often exacerbated by psychosocial factors. This chapter explores the role of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and mindfulness-based interventions in managing musculoskeletal pain in women, leveraging evidence of psychosocial factors’ influence on pain perception. Past evidence has established a strong association between psychosocial factors and musculoskeletal pain in women, with psychological distress, maladaptive coping strategies, and social factors contributing to pain severity and disability. Notably, depression, trauma, anxiety, and catastrophizing have been linked to heightened pain experiences, while limited social support and adverse work environments can exacerbate pain symptoms. Integrating CBT and mindfulness approaches into pain management has shown promise in alleviating musculoskeletal pain in women. CBT targets maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors, empowering individuals to develop adaptive pain management skills and enhance coping strategies. Mindfulness-based interventions cultivate non-judgmental awareness of pain sensations, reducing pain-related distress and enhancing pain acceptance. As a result, holistic pain management programs, incorporating CBT, mindfulness techniques, and psychosocial interventions, offer tailored care addressing the biopsychosocial complexities of musculoskeletal pain in women. By addressing psychosocial factors alongside biomedical aspects, healthcare providers can optimize treatment outcomes and improve the quality of life for women living with chronic musculoskeletal pain. The integration of CBT and mindfulness approaches into pain management represents a promising avenue for addressing the multifaceted nature of musculoskeletal pain in women. Future research should focus on refining these interventions and elucidating their mechanisms to enhance their effectiveness in clinical practice.