The subject of this chapter is the economic relation between the state and the film industry in socialist Yugoslavia (1945–1991). The main characteristic of this state was self-management system, which also affected the above-mentioned relationship. Through various legal regulations, the self-management system led to the formation of various institutional forms within the film industry, which had a direct impact on the way films were financing. The chapter examines some of the predominant forms of financing within the self-management system with a particular focus on the relationship between the state and the film industry.