The Ph.D. thesis of Moreno Colombo introduces the interaction between people and artificial systems in a proven form to empower the collaboration between the actors involved, allowing for better problem solving. Communication with artificial systems traditionally strongly relies on concepts that are not natural for people, such as protocols. This makes this type of interaction very demanding for the users, especially compared to the interaction that these people enjoy every day with other people. This work provides a new, bio-inspired interaction paradigm, phenotropic interaction that aims to improve people’s interaction with artificial systems. To that end, a framework defining this type of interaction is presented, complemented with the theories composing the building blocks of such an interaction paradigm.