The ethical governance of educational data is a critical challenge as Artificial Intelligence increasingly influences data collection, management, and decision-making. While data-driven technologies enable personalized learning and institutional improvements, they also raise concerns about privacy, transparency, and accountability, particularly in contexts with incomplete regulatory frameworks. This study presents a self-assessment questionnaire designed to help educational institutions evaluate and enhance their ethical data governance practices. Based on theoretical discussions on data ethics and international standards, the study focuses on Brazil due to the recent implementation of its General Data Protection Law (LGPD). Unlike external audits, this self-assessment fosters institutional autonomy and accountability through a scoring system that categorizes institutions and provides actionable recommendations. It also complements legal transparency requirements, allowing educational institutions to share their evaluations as proof of ethical data management. The self-assessment was evaluated with five different respondents with different backgrounds and from different educational institutions. The results indicate that taking the self-assessment can help institutions diagnose their level of adherence to ethical and transparent guidelines.