This paper discusses the role of universities in the research and development of AI as a dual-use technology (DUT). Especially, it focuses on the so-called DARPA model in detail and the DARPA-like organizations established by major countries. DUTs are technologies with potential for both peaceful and military applications, and AI is well-known typical DUT in which the importance is rapidly increasing. The roots of DUT research and development as a national policy lie in the United States’ DARPA, and the concept known as the DARPA model emerged from DARPA's great success. Inspired by this success, major countries around the world (including the United Kingdom, Germany, Australia, South Korea, and the EU) have established DARPA-like organizations and are increasingly known to operate with the aim of simultaneously enhancing universities, industry, and defense capabilities on a reasonable budget as part of national strategies. This paper first focuses on the importance of the university's role in the DUT AI research and development system under the DARPA model, and then examines the positioning and roles of universities within the DARPA-like organizations established by above mentioned major countries. In this context, the situations in Germany and Japan are contrasting. Furthermore, it examines the dual-use dilemma and ethical issues that are of glowing interest in DUT AI. The author’s personal opinions are proposed according to the review and analysis. It is hoped that this paper will provide some insights to researchers interested in the progress of DUT AI, science and technology policy, and nation’s security policy.