China has become an important player in artificial intelligence (AI) development and application. This chapter explores the major regulatory challenges posed by AI in China, including data protection and privacy issues, impact on human rights, and intersections of AI-empowered applications with intellectual property rights. It also examines how the existing Chinese regulatory frameworks address these complex issues. We analyse and contrast the recent legislative developments in China and the European Union (EU) regarding those regulatory issues, highlighting both similarities and differences. Our analysis aims to inform policy and legislative dialogues on the challenges and opportunities introduced by the development and application of AI technology.