Adaptation of Former Administrative Buildings of Industrial Enterprises to the Modern Urban Planning Context
摘要
Modern cities are constantly developing, improving and expanding. It leads to the need for new residential, cultural and administrative buildings. However, it turns out that the most optimal areas are occupied with historical monuments of industrial architecture. Many of these factories become either unprofitable or without function. Therefore, ideas of renovation and refunctionalization of industrial buildings have spread in recent years. But it can be quite difficult to adapt plants or factories to modern purposes and fit the new function into this. Due to the difference between industrial buildings there is no straight program or methods of its renovation. There are different kinds of classifications that depend on a plants’ productions, sizes, principles of work, hazard, etc. The most common classification divides industrial buildings into manufacturing and administrative units. So the first ones can have difficult forms (gasholders, water towers, hangars), limitation of engineering systems, land or air pollution, etc. On the other hand, constructions and sizes of administrative units are closer to the standard office and residential buildings. This makes it easier to adapt. But there are still specific problems that can cause the negative result. In general, administrative buildings have a significant potential in adapting to the social infrastructure of a city or district to modern needs, which is due to their specificity and is confirmed by existing examples of implemented projects. They benefit due to their compact form, number of storeys, closer to “human” scale than production facilities; absence of harmful pollution. Modern technologies make it possible to create aesthetics and internal filling appropriate to the situation.