Contaminated water is not only a threat in itself, but also has negative effects on the surrounding soil and other living habitats. Protecting water resources, developing strategies to improve water quality, and assessing and responding to the risks that threaten water resources are essential for a healthy society. One of the possible risks is the presence of pollutants in the water that are a threat to human health. Arsenic, nitrate salts, copper, lead, and radon are the most important of these chemical pollutants. Such pollutants are known to be present at levels that threaten human health when consumed with water. The XRF technique provides fast, convenient and reliable results for the determination of these types of contaminants. For quantitative analysis of these contaminants, ICP method was reported to be more expensive and inaccessible to viable uses. Quantitative analysis of chemical hazards in a faster, more practical and low-cost way is accomplished with XRF technique. This study will be an in-depth look at the next generation of trends in detecting chemical hazards in water and will be an introduction to possible new recommendations in light of the available literature including artificial intelligence and machine learning.