This chapter reviews the findings of the Lundby Longitudinal Study carried out first in 1947 in Sweden under the auspices of the University of Lund. The study examined the prevalence and severity of psychiatric disturbances and personality problems. Cederblad and colleagues focused on the outcome of children who were deemed at “high risk” due to a number of adverse circumstances at the beginning of the study. In the follow up interviews at different times it was possible to ascertain a number of traits that seemed to lead to a good outcome in terms of psychosocial functioning and emotional status. The concept of salutogenesis is described, as its components, such as “sense of coherence”, cognitive flexibility, high self-esteem, vivacity and sociability were some of the protective factors. Salutogenesis, proposed by Aaron Antonovsky, focuses on studying factors hat lead to maintaining health, and aims to promote them. Aside the factors already mentioned, involvement in the community, promoting social equality and a sense of purpose are also considered salutogenic.