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In Sudan, the term gabila (قبيلة), which is conventionally translated as “tribe,” defines a form of organisation based on the notion of a (patrilineal) kinship group with a unique eponymous ancestor that shares a common territory and livelihood, local political representation, social relational norms, values of solidarity, and mutual support. Far from a primordialist vision of their immutable, biologically-anchored nature, tribes as a grounded reality in precolonial Sudan have been recognised as local actors at least since the first state formation that displayed an Arab Muslim identity, the Sennar Sultanate (1506–1821), which fostered the production of tribal genealogies, nisba (نسبة), legitimising historical relations with groups from the Arabian Peninsula and between various Sudanese tribes.

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Focal Box 7: Tribes. The Struggle Against the Manipulation of a Persistent Form of Social Organization

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Barbara Casciarri

摘要

In Sudan, the term gabila (قبيلة), which is conventionally translated as “tribe,” defines a form of organisation based on the notion of a (patrilineal) kinship group with a unique eponymous ancestor that shares a common territory and livelihood, local political representation, social relational norms, values of solidarity, and mutual support. Far from a primordialist vision of their immutable, biologically-anchored nature, tribes as a grounded reality in precolonial Sudan have been recognised as local actors at least since the first state formation that displayed an Arab Muslim identity, the Sennar Sultanate (1506–1821), which fostered the production of tribal genealogies, nisba (نسبة), legitimising historical relations with groups from the Arabian Peninsula and between various Sudanese tribes.