B/order Control
摘要
This chapter, “B/order Control”, analyses how border control in Kenya is put into practice, what strategies are developed on the ground and how they are simultaneously challenged by alternative practices. The book applies a praxeological perspective and argues that borders (and state orders) have to be continuously made real. Three subchapters describe different areas of border management. The first part highlights the management of human mobilities in the form of passport control and profiling, and in the form of ID registration in borderlands. It is shown that border enforcement can foster inequalities, and that the Somalis in particular often become subject to extra security screenings. The second part analyses trade control. At the border, mobile patrols target the detection of smuggling, but often fail to be successful in the context of the complexity of the phenomenon. Furthermore, in the context of new OSBPs, the government has been trying to integrate long-established cross-border cattle trade in bureaucratic border procedures, which is met with resistance by local pastoralists. All in all, it is shown that lines between the formal and the informal, between state and non-state can become blurred, which is especially highlighted in the last part on the integration of community policing formats into border control.