Today, border controls are expanded everywhere in the world and continue to produce inequalities. This book introduction argues that case studies from the “Global South” should not be ignored in our efforts to generate a more global understanding of these developments. Instead of highlighting African borders as “different”—for example, as particularly artificial or conflictual, their border guards as corrupt and states as “weak”—this book intends to overcome stereotypes. The book examines the actual handling of colonial borders today in the case of Kenya. The ethnographic portrayal of this border regime combines perspectives from borderland studies with state ethnography and applies a praxeological perspective. The introduction incorporates a section with major terminologies, different concepts of borders and their relevance for the territorial state. Another section illustrates the colonial history of borders in Kenya, and underlines that border-making in Africa is still an ongoing process. Especially the implementation of One Stop Border Posts illustrates the active engagement of African states to redesign their borders. A last section reflects on the methodological approach of multi-sited border ethnography and provides area profiles of the research locations at Kenya’s borders with Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan and Ethiopia.