James C. Scott’s theory of ‘everyday forms of resistance’ which emphasises low-level, often unrecorded, acts of resistance rather than outright conflict, has had a significant influence on how popular politics in premodern Europe have been understood. Yet, the theory has been criticised by several medievalists as not being appropriate for understanding the medieval evidence. This chapter brings the Scottish evidence to these debates while also employing an idea recently proposed by Janel Fontain when discussing the apparent absence of slave rebellions in early medieval England: the idea of anticipated problems. Drawing extensively on the Records of the Parliament of Scotland, this chapter shows how non-confrontational resistance worked in late medieval Scotland, arguing that the wider population was able to assert pressure on royal government, leading to laws that were beneficial to the lower classes in society.

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Anticipated Problems and Everyday Forms of Resistance

  • Gordon McKelvie

摘要

James C. Scott’s theory of ‘everyday forms of resistance’ which emphasises low-level, often unrecorded, acts of resistance rather than outright conflict, has had a significant influence on how popular politics in premodern Europe have been understood. Yet, the theory has been criticised by several medievalists as not being appropriate for understanding the medieval evidence. This chapter brings the Scottish evidence to these debates while also employing an idea recently proposed by Janel Fontain when discussing the apparent absence of slave rebellions in early medieval England: the idea of anticipated problems. Drawing extensively on the Records of the Parliament of Scotland, this chapter shows how non-confrontational resistance worked in late medieval Scotland, arguing that the wider population was able to assert pressure on royal government, leading to laws that were beneficial to the lower classes in society.