Open Large Language Models (OLLMs) has sparked a growing debate about their ethical and legal implications, particularly in the context of higher education institutions. This study, based on a literature mapping, explores the evolution of OLLMs regulation and governance in academia, highlighting challenges related to transparency, privacy, and fairness. The central objective of this analysis is to identify the main trends in the literature that address the ethical regulation of OLLMs in education, with emphasis on the evolution of regulatory frameworks and proposed strategies for effective governance. Through the examination of 51 indexed academic articles, a thematic classification was carried out based on three key research questions, which made it possible to identify patterns in the academic discussion and visualize the findings through graphical representations. The results suggest that the ethical governance of OLLMs is a determining factor in their responsible implementation. The literature emphasizes the need to strengthen regulations around algorithmic transparency, student data protection, and equity in access to these technologies. In addition, the importance of interdisciplinary approaches that integrate perspectives from law, ethics, and technology for the development of inclusive and sustainable policies has been found.